Timeless Devotion: The Majestic History of Mya Thein Tan Pagoda

The Mya Thein Tan Pagoda, located in the ancient royal city of Mingun, Myanmar, is one of the country’s most iconic and visually stunning religious monuments. Built in 1816 by King Bagyidaw, the pagoda has a rich history that intertwines with the royal traditions of Burma (modern-day Myanmar), Buddhist beliefs, and unique architectural styles.

Historical Background

The Mya Thein Tan Pagoda, also known as the “White Pagoda,” was constructed to honor Princess Hsinbyume, the first wife of King Bagyidaw and the granddaughter of King Bodawpaya. Hsinbyume, whose name translates to “Lady of the White Elephant,” was deeply loved by King Bagyidaw, and her sudden death in childbirth devastated him. In her memory, he commissioned the construction of this magnificent white pagoda in Mingun, near the Ayeyarwady River. One hundred thousand emeralds were used to fund the construction of the white pagoda which can explain its other name Mya Thein Tan (Mya = emerald, Thein Tan = 100,000).

The pagoda was built close to another major Mingun landmark, the Mingun Pahtodawgyi, an enormous, unfinished pagoda intended to be the largest in the world. However, while the Mingun Pahtodawgyi symbolizes a grand ambition that was never completed, the Mya Thein Tan Pagoda represents the fulfillment of love and devotion.

Architectural Significance

One of the most striking features of the Mya Thein Tan Pagoda is its unique design, inspired by the divine Mount Meru, which holds a central place in Buddhist, Hindu, and Jain cosmology. According to these ancient beliefs, Mount Meru is the mythical mountain at the center of the universe, surrounded by seas and smaller mountain ranges. The pagoda’s seven layered terraces, painted white, are said to represent the seven mountain ranges encircling Mount Meru.

The pure white color of the pagoda symbolizes the purity of the Buddha’s teachings and the divine nature of the structure. The terraces, with their oscillating waves, create a striking contrast against the bright blue sky, and they offer a serene atmosphere for visitors.

At the top of the pagoda stands a golden tip, which represents the peak of Mount Meru. Surrounding the terraces are small shrines, each housing images of the Buddha and other religious figures, further adding to the spiritual significance of the site.

Restoration and Cultural Importance

Over the years, the Mya Thein Tan Pagoda has faced damage from natural disasters, including earthquakes, most notably the devastating quake of 1839, which left parts of the pagoda damaged. However, the structure has been restored several times, most recently by the Myanmar government and religious devotees, ensuring that the pagoda remains a place of pilgrimage and devotion.

The pagoda is not only a religious symbol but also a cultural one. Its serene beauty and rich historical significance draw visitors from around the world. The Mya Thein Tan Pagoda is a key example of Myanmar’s deep spiritual traditions, artistic achievements, and the lasting impact of royal endorsement on the country’s architectural landscape.

Modern-Day Attraction

Today, the Mya Thein Tan Pagoda continues to serve as a place of worship and a tourist attraction. Its striking setting and unique architectural style make it one of the most photographed locations in Myanmar. Visitors are often captivated by the sight of the pagoda at sunrise or sunset when the white terraces seem to glow in the soft light, offering a glimpse into Myanmar’s rich religious heritage and its timeless beauty.

The Mya Thein Tan Pagoda stands as a testament to King Bagyidaw’s enduring love and to Myanmar’s vibrant history and spiritual traditions. Its distinctive design, deep religious significance, and historical importance make it one of Myanmar’s most treasured landmarks.

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Citations:

Lenscapes, Chasing. “Hsinbyume Pagoda – the White Temple in Mingun Mandalay.” Chasing Lenscapes, 5 July 2020, www.chasinglenscapes.com/hsinbyume-pagoda-mingun-mandalay-white-temple

Stephen. “Mysterious Beauty of Hsinbyume Pagoda – How to Get Myatheindan Pagoda.” Mysterious Beauty of Hsinbyume Pagoda, 1 Oct. 2018, www.gomyanmartours.com/mysterious-beauty-of-hsinbyume-pagoda-myatheindan/#:~:text=History%20of%20Hsinbyume%20Pagoda%20

“Unique Architectural Constructions Around the World (P.35) – Mya Thein Tan Pagoda (Myanmar) : The Magnificent White Pagoda That Was Constructed to Resemble a Sacred Buddhist Mountain.” Worldkings – World Records Union, worldkings.org/news/world-top/unique-architectural-constructions-around-the-world-p-35-mya-thein-tan-pagoda-myanmar-the-magnificent-white-pagoda-that-was-constructed-to-resemble-a-sacred-buddhist-mountain

Peggy
MISY, Myanmar

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